https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/8565 2026-04-17T03:36:49Z 2026-04-17T03:36:49Z Fernandes, Marcos Vinicius Cook https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44066 2026-02-23T17:58:40Z 2025-12-16T00:00:00Z

Análise clínica, morfológica, topográfica e química de mineralizações pulpares Fernandes, Marcos Vinicius Cook Martins, Gabriela Botelho Introduction: pulp mineralizations are structures formed by hard tissue, located within the pulp tissue, and derived from a tissue alteration process that predisposes to the deposition of calcium phosphate salts. The literature suggests that long-duration, low-intensity pathological stimuli are the main etiological factors of mineralizations in the pulp tissue. Objective: to analyze the clinical aspects, morphological, topographic, and chemical patterns of pulp mineralizations. Material and methods: the research used 44 pulp mineralizations from teeth requiring endodontic treatment in a Polish population. Clinical data from the patients were collected, and the pulp mineralizations were removed after access surgery to the pulp chamber. Computational microtomography was used for morphological and topographic evaluation of the structures, and Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze and characterize the chemical composition of the sample, in terms of mineral-to-matrix ratio and carbonate content. Results: Clinical data revealed that pulp mineralizations, in the studied sample, occurred more frequently in women, in the maxilla, on the left side of the face, and in molars, especially the first molars, consistent with the literature. The most affected age group comprised patients between 19 and 59 years old. The location in the pulp cavity correlated with the morphology of the mineralizations, but not with the topography. The most prevalent morphological aspect was irregular, while the predominant topography was mixed. There was no statistical difference in the mineral/matrix ratio between the morphological types; however, irregular nodules presented a higher carbonate content, with a statistically significant difference compared to the other morphological types. In terms of topography, smooth and compact nodules presented a higher mineral-to-matrix ratio, indicating a more mineralized structure, with a statistically significant difference compared to the other types; however, the carbonate content did not differ between the topographic types. Conclusion: in the studied sample, pulp mineralizations occurred predominantly in the first left upper molars of adult women. Irregular nodules were the most prevalent morphological types, especially in the pulp chamber, while cylindrical morphology was predominant in the root canal. Irregular mineralizations had a higher carbonate content, indicating a less developed mineralization process. Smooth and compact mineralizations were more mineralized than the other topographic types. Universidade Federal da Bahia Tese

2025-12-16T00:00:00Z Oliveira, Francine Vilma https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44004 2026-02-05T13:25:51Z 2025-12-09T00:00:00Z

Replicação da associação do rs79882996 no gene RANK com periodontite e análise epidemiológica endodôntica, com suporte da inteligência artificial, em uma mesma população Oliveira, Francine Vilma Carletto, Tatiane de Oliveira Teixeira Muniz Introduction: Periodontitis and apical periodontitis are multifactorial inflammatory diseases that result in bone resorption. In periodontitis, there is the destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth. Environmental, behavioral, and especially genetic factors can influence its susceptibility and progression. Among the genes studied, RANK has stood out for its role in regulating bone remodeling. In apical periodontitis, there is resorption of periapical bone tissue, associated with infection and treated through endodontic therapy. Due to its frequently asymptomatic nature, screening by radiographs is essential, together with the analysis of the epidemiological profile of the population. In this scenario, artificial intelligence stands out as a promising tool in aiding diagnosis. Objective: To investigate genetic factors associated with periodontitis and epidemiological factors related to apical periodontitis and endodontic treatments in the same population. Material and Methods: The study included 527 adult individuals living in the Recôncavo Baiano, Bahia State, Brazil. Genotyping of rs79882996 was performed on 323 blood samples, using the GoTaq® Probe qPCR Master Mix kit (Promega) and TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assays (Thermo Scientific™) probe, in a QuantStudio™ 12K Flex equipment (Applied Biosystems). Association analysis was conducted using the Plink 1.9 software, using multivariate logistic regression, with adjustment for age. Panoramic radiographs of all participants were analyzed to identify periapical lesions, endodontic treatment, or tooth absence, using the consensus of two experts and the AI software (DIO platform). A descriptive analysis of the population was performed and the diagnostic accuracy of the AI was evaluated using the parameters of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, Receiver Operating Characteristic curves, and area under the curve. Results: rs79882996, located in the RANK gene, showed a significant association with periodontitis. In the additive model, each additional T allele was associated with a 64% increase in the chance of occurrence of periodontitis, while in the dominant model the presence of at least one T allele was associated with a 69% increase in the chance of developing the disease. The prevalence of periapical lesions was 30.85% and of endodontic treatments, 16.13%. The presence of these lesions was associated with worse oral health conditions. On the other hand, endodontic treatment was significantly related to higher education, higher income, previous guidance on oral hygiene, and flossing. In the diagnosis of periapical lesions, the area under the curve was 0.661 (95% CI = 0.606 – 0715), indicating low diagnostic accuracy on the part of AI; The sensitivity was 31.4%, the specificity 90.1%, the positive predictive value was 58.54%, while the negative predictive value reached 74.69%. AI showed high agreement with specialists in the identification of teeth with endodontic treatment (85.8%) and moderate agreement in the detection of periapical lesions (58.7%). Conclusion: This study reinforced the role of the RANK gene in periodontitis and highlighted its potential as a target for future therapies. In addition, this study showed the vulnerability of a population with limited access to dental treatment. AI has shown potential in tracking population oral health, but it still requires improvement, especially in the identification of periapical lesions. UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA Tese

2025-12-09T00:00:00Z Reis, Daniela Maria Ladeira https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43950 2026-01-30T15:46:47Z 2019-12-18T00:00:00Z

Maus-tratos na infância e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em adolescentes escolares: efeito do treinamento cognitivo processual em grupo (TCP-G) Reis, Daniela Maria Ladeira Oliveira, Irismar Reis de INTRODUCTION: Between 10 and 20% of children and adolescents have mental disorders, resulting in impaired socio-occupational functioning and integral health. Presence of abuse increases the risks of developing symptoms of anxiety and depression. OBJECTIVE: The first objective of this thesis was to analyze the effectiveness of trial-based cognitive training in group (TBCT-G) applied universally in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms in school adolescents. The second objective was to investigate the association between abuse and the occurrence of anxious and depressive symptoms. METHODS: At a military school located in Salvador, Bahia, 684 adolescents, divided in 28 classes, were evaluated for the presence of maltreatment, anxious symptoms, depressive symptoms, quality of life and risk behaviors. These classes were then randomized to either the TBCT-G group or the control group (without intervention). The active group lasted 18 weeks, in which adolescents were trained to develop cognitive and behavioral skills to reduce psychological symptoms. Twelve months after the end of the intervention, follow-up evaluation was performed. Primary measures were the revised Anxiety and Depression Scale for Children (RCADS) and the Child Trauma Inventory (QUESI). Secondary measures were the multidimensional student life satisfaction scale (MSLSS), socio-demographic inventories and questions about the practice or suffering of bullying, use of alcohol, cannabis and other drugs, and self-harm behaviors. RESULTS: After the intervention period, there was no statistically different reduction between groups in baseline RCADS data. The results also did not indicate improvement in MSLSS scores in any of the domains. In line with previous studies, data have shown that universal interventions have limitations for reducing internalizing symptoms in school adolescents. The thesis also identified that most of the maltreatment suffered is emotional abuse, physical abuse and emotional neglect. Having suffered such maltreatment was both associated with the presence of higher levels of anxious and depressive symptoms and increased probability of these symptoms occurring. CONCLUSION: The study showed that TBCT-G training was not effective in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms, probably because of its universal application and probably because of the time limitation in the training application. Also, childhood maltreatment is frequent and produces anxious and depressive symptoms, increasing the risk of developing mental disorders. Universidade Federal da Bahia Tese

2019-12-18T00:00:00Z Cunha, Louise Perna Martins da https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43876 2026-01-26T18:20:28Z 2025-08-11T00:00:00Z

Intergrowth versus Fenton: há diferença na concordância do indicador de peso para idade gestacional ao nascimento e durante o internamento hospitalar? Cunha, Louise Perna Martins da Alves, Crésio de Aragão Dantas Introduction – Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality in children under five years of age, with substantial impacts on growth and child development. Preterm infants face considerable nutritional risks due to biological immaturity and high metabolic demands, requiring accurate nutritional assessments to guide interventions. However, the lack of consensus regarding which neonatal growth chart to use (Fenton, INTERGROWTH, or Olsen) precludes diagnostic standardization. Discrepancies among these charts may result in divergent classifications of the nutritional status of preterm infants, with potential clinical consequences. Objective: To assess the concurrence between Fenton, INTERGROWTH, and Olsen growth charts in classifying the nutritional status of preterm newborns, both at birth and during hospitalization, and to examine their implications for nutritional diagnosis and their association with body composition. Methods – This dissertation was based on two retrospective observational studies. The first study included 2,529 preterm infants admitted to public neonatal units in Salvador, Brazil (2018-2021), and assessed the concurrence of weight-for-gestational-age Z-scores at birth between Fenton and INTERGROWTH charts. Bland-Altman plots were used, with stratified analyses by gestational age and birth weight adequacy, both individually and jointly. The second study involved 258 preterm infants hospitalized in four U.S. neonatal units (2012-2023). It compared Fenton, INTERGROWTH, and Olsen charts regarding the diagnosis of malnutrition during hospitalization, based on changes in weight Z-scores and their association with body composition measured by air displacement plethysmography (fat-free mass, FFM; and fat mass, FM). Analyses included agreement tests (kappa, Bowker’s test), regression models, and non-parametric tests. Results – In the first study, overall concurrence between Fenton and INTERGROWTH charts at birth was reasonable; however, substantial discrepancies were observed among small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns, particularly those between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation. In these cases, the Fenton chart tended to overestimate Z-scores, potentially influencing therapeutic decisions. In the second study, despite the strong association among charts (R² ranging from 0.76 to 0.86), malnutrition diagnoses varied considerably (kappa values between 0.29 and 0.56). INTERGROWTH identified the fewest cases of malnutrition. Fenton chart classified a higher proportion of infants with low FFM as malnourished (46.1% vs. 16.4%), whereas INTERGROWTH underestimated malnutrition in cases of excess FM. The Olsen chart showed no significant association with body composition parameters. Conclusion – Growth charts differ substantially in identifying the nutritional status of preterm infants at birth and during hospitalization. More refined concordance analyses revealed that overlap varies according to the value of the evaluated indicator, being lower for lower Z-scores, and disproportionately affecting more immature SGA infants. The Fenton chart identified fewer cases of malnutrition at birth but more during follow-up (many associated with fat-free mass deficits) while the INTERGROWTH chart exhibited the opposite pattern. The choice of growth chart should be contextualized and, whenever possible, complemented by objective body composition measures to reinforce more accurate clinical decision-making. Universidade Federal da Bahia Tese

2025-08-11T00:00:00Z