DSpace Coleção:
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/10072
2024-03-29T14:12:26ZConhecimento de pacientes idosos sobre a indicação de medicamentos prescritos
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/38266
Título: Conhecimento de pacientes idosos sobre a indicação de medicamentos prescritos
Autor(es): Gama, Romana Santos
Primeiro Orientador: Passos, Luiz Carlos Santana
Abstract: Patient adherence is associated to successful pharmacotherapy; however, many patients do not take their medications as prescribed because of poor understanding of their purpose. To understand how to use the medication correctly, patients need to obtain clear guidelines and instructions, as their behavior and characteristics play a fundamental role in the effectiveness of a medication. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate older people’s knowledge of the purpose of drugs prescribed at medical appointments in primary care units and the aspects related to their level of knowledge of their medications. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 22 basic health units in Brazil. Older adults who were waiting for medical consultations in the study facilities were interviewed after a consultation with a family practice physician. Data were collected from September 2016 to March 2019. Patients who were ≥ 60 years old who visited the primary care units were included in the study (n = 674). Knowledge of prescribed medications was assessed by comparing the responses to the questionnaire and the medication and prescription information. Multivariate analyses were conducted using a Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: The mean age of the sample was 70.1 (standard deviation ± 7.1) years. Among 674 patients, 272 (40.4%) did not know the indication of at least 1 of their prescribed drugs; among them 78 (11.6%) did not know the indication of any of their prescribed drugs. In the final multivariate analysis, polypharmacy, illiteracy, and cognitive impairment were found to be associated with misunderstanding the purpose of at least 1 prescribed drug. Moreover, illiteracy and cognitive impairment were associated with a greater misunderstanding of the purpose of all prescribed drugs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that there is a considerable lack of knowledge about prescribed medications among older Brazilian adults after a medical appointment. For this reason, health services and professionals need to implement strategies to improve patient’s knowledge
Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Tipo: Dissertação2022-06-09T00:00:00ZVariabilidade do gene S do novo coronavírus em pacientes atendidos no complexo Hospitalar Professor Edgard Santos-UFBA
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/38117
Título: Variabilidade do gene S do novo coronavírus em pacientes atendidos no complexo Hospitalar Professor Edgard Santos-UFBA
Autor(es): Santos, Felice Deminco Alves
Primeiro Orientador: Alves, Carlos Roberto Brites
Abstract: Introduction: COVID-19 is a new disease caused by a human coronavirus, whose
etiological agent is SARS-CoV-2. Two years have passed and SARS-CoV-2 has a
great genetic diversity, which favored the emergence of emergency variants during
different periods of the pandemic. Due to the importance employed in viral
surveillance and the limitations found in new generation sequencing platforms, the
objective of this work was to identify the variability in the Spike region of SARS-CoV2, from a Sanger sequencing platform, in patients with COVID-19 treated at the
University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos in Salvador-BA. Methods: This is a
cross-sectional observational study with preserved samples, positive for SARS-CoV2, of individuals over 18 years of age, employees, or patients, treated at the
Professor Edgard Santos University Hospital (HUPES). All samples from the enrolled
participants were confirmed for COVID-19 by an RT-qPCR assay. The extracted viral
genetic material was used for a NESTED-PCR assay on the SARS-CoV-2 S gene
and the results revealed on a 1.5% agarose gel. The sequencing reaction using the
BigDye Terminator V3.1 Cycle Senquencing kit was performed in a region of 1,120
base pairs and the result of this reaction was read by the SeqStudio capillary
electrophoresis machine. The files of sequences generated by the machine were
analyzed for the construction of the consensus sequence from the reference
sequence and identification of mutations throughout the genome. Results: Of all 103
sequenced samples, 69 contained relevant variants represented by 20 BA.1, 13
delta, 22 gamma and 14 zeta, identified between June 2020 and February 2022. All
sequences found were aligned with sequences representative of the variants.
Conclusions: The protocol developed by this work was able to identify and monitor
the variability of the SARS-CoV-2 S gene and, consequently, identify the most
relevant variants for the pandemic, which could be an alternative methodology for
viral molecular surveillance.
Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Tipo: Dissertação2022-12-12T00:00:00ZGrau de risco de ulceração e reulceração do pé Diabético e fatores associados
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/34691
Título: Grau de risco de ulceração e reulceração do pé Diabético e fatores associados
Autor(es): Lopes, Cícero Fidelis
Primeiro Orientador: Rêgo, Marco Antônio Vasconcelos
Abstract: RISK DEGREE OF ULCERATION AND REULCERATION OF THE DIABETIC FOOT AND
ASSOCIATED FACTORS
Introduction: Lower limb amputations in diabetics are related significantly with the presence of foot consultation. Early identification of changes that preceding the consultation allows the adoption of therapeutic and preventive measures that can reduce the occurrence of ulceration and, consequently, amputation. Objectives: Describe the distribution of the degree of risk of diabetic foot and associated factors in patients from one center reference in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). Material and methods: Study cross-sectional with 309 with DM included, selected in the outpatient clinics of the State Reference Center for Diabetes Care and Endocrinology da Bahia), being analyzed the following variables: risk of ulceration and reulceration (UR); socio-demographics; difficulties regarding the use of shoes; related to foot care and changes in physical examination of the feet. Results: About 20% of the were classified at risk of RU. The following associations were observed for means of logistics and prevalence ratio (PR): between the degree of RU prevalence and the presence of callus and interdigital skin maceration; between family income less than three shopping and callus; between time of DM ≥ 10 years and interdigital skin maceration; in between DM ≥ 10 years, sex, schooling and degree of risk of RU. Conclusion: The results can contribute to the review and improvement of diabetic foot care and serve as a basis for prospective study on UR insufficiency and associated factors
Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Tipo: Dissertação2011-10-16T00:00:00ZImpacto da terapia antirretroviral na funcionalidade, qualidade de vida e incapacidades em pacientes com HIV
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/30577
Título: Impacto da terapia antirretroviral na funcionalidade, qualidade de vida e incapacidades em pacientes com HIV
Autor(es): Lédo, Ana Paula de Oliveira
Abstract: Impacto da Terapia Antirretroviral na Funcionalidade, Qualidade de vida e Incapacidades em Pacientes com HIV
Introdução: O surgimento da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) eficaz, transformou o perfil evolutivo da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana adquirida (HIV) em uma doença crônica. Apesar de suprimir a replicação do HIV, a TARV pode provocar efeitos colaterais que afetam o desempenho nas atividades de vida diária e, consequentemente, na qualidade de vida de indivíduos HIV positivo. Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito da terapia antirretroviral na funcionalidade, qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e incapacidades em pacientes infectados pelo HIV no período de 1 ano de tratamento. Métodos: Estudo analítico de caráter temporal, longitudinal e prospectivo, realizado no período de maio de 2016 a julho de 2018. Foram coletados dados sobre características clínicas e sociodemográficas de 104 pacientes infectados pelo HIV antes do início da TARV e de 91 pacientes após um ano do tratamento. Foram incluídos pacientes de ambos os sexos infectados pelo HIV, com idade ≥ 18 anos, assintomáticos, com capacidade de entender e executar comandos externos simples, com deambulação sem auxílio externo, com quadro hemodinâmico estável e sem alteração cardiorrespiratória que pudesse limitar a realização dos testes. Foi realizado análise da força muscular através da dinamometria de força preênsil, avaliação da função respiratória através do espirômetro digital e avaliação do desempenho físico através do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. Para avaliação da qualidade de vida, foram utilizados os questionários 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) e o HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life (HAT-QoL). A avaliação de Incapacidades foi através do questionário de Saúde e de Deficiências WHODAS 2.0. O nível de significância estatística empregado foi p≤0,05. Resultados: Após um ano de tratamento, a amostra final foi de 91 indivíduos, com média de idade de 35,3±10,74. A maioria do sexo masculino (78%), sem relação estável (80,2%) e sem comorbidades (73,6%). Quarenta e um indivíduos (45%) recebiam menos de um salário mínimo e 60 (57,7%) moravam com a família. De toda população estudada, 12 indivíduos (11,5%) apresentaram dinapenia, sendo que 7 (9,7%) eram do sexo masculino. Após 01 ano de TARV, houve melhora no desempenho físico, porém com valores ainda abaixo do esperado (p=0,017), assim como da função respiratória (p=0,330). A maioria dos domínios do SF-36 foram maiores, particularmente capacidade funcional (p=0,0001), estado geral de saúde (p=0,0001), aspectos sociais (p=0,0001) e saúde mental (p=0,001), assim como o componente de saúde mental (p=0.004). Os domínios do HAT-QoL foram significantemente maiores na função geral (p=0,0001), satisfação com a vida (p=0,0001), confiança no profissional (p=0,001) e função sexual (p=0,0001). Sobre as limitações medidas pelo WHODAS 2.0, foi identificado melhora de incapacidades, com mudança significativa entre a baseline (21,87 ± 26,4) e após um ano de tratamento (10,84 ± 15,47), (p=0,0001). Conclusão: A terapia com antirretrovirais melhorou a funcionalidade e a QVRS de pacientes infectados pelo HIV e reduziu o nível de incapacidades, após um ano de uso. Os instrumentos HAT-QoL e SF-36 são boas ferramentas para avaliar a QVRS de pacientes HIV positivo. A adesão correta a medicação, associada a mudança no estilo de vida, pode melhorar a resposta ao tratamento.; ABSTRACT
Impact of antiretroviral therapy on functionality, quality of life and disability in patients with HIV
Introduction: The emergence of effective anti-retroviral therapy (art), transformed the profile of evolution of the infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquired in a chronic disease. Although suppress the replication of HIV, HAART can cause side effects that affect performance in activities of daily life and therefore in the quality of life of HIV-positive individuals. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of antiretroviral therapy on functionality, health-related quality of life and disability in patients infected by HIV in the period of 1 year of treatment. Methods: Analytical study of temporal character, longitudinal and prospective, held from May to July 2016 to 2018. Data was collected on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of 104 patients infected with HIV before the start of the ART and of 91 patients after one year of treatment. We included patients of both sexes, infected with HIV aged ≥ 18 years, asymptomatic, with ability to understand and execute external commands with ambulation without foreign aid, with stable hemodynamic framework and no change that could limit the cardiorespiratory performance of the tests. It was conducted analysis of muscle strength by dynamometry of prehensile force, assessment of respiratory function through the digital spirometer and physical performance assessment through the 6-minute walk test. For the evaluation of quality of life questionnaires were used 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life (HAT-QoL). The evaluation of disabilities was through the Health questionnaire and disabilities WHODAS 2.0. The level of statistical significance was p ≤ 0.05 employee. Results: After a year of treatment, the final sample was of 91 individuals, with an average age of 35.3 ± 10.74. Most of the men (78%), no stable relationship (80.2%) and without Comorbidities (73.6%). 41 individuals (45%) were paid less than minimum wage and 60 (57.7%) lived with his family. Of all the studied population, 12 individuals (11.5%) presented dinapenia, and 7 (9.7%) were male. After 01 year of HAART, there was improvement in physical performance, but still below the expected values (p = 0.017), as well as the respiratory function (p = 0.330). Most of the domains of the SF-36 were higher, particularly functional capacity (p = 0.0001), General State of health (p = 0.0001), social aspects (p = 0.0001) and mental health (p = 0.001), as well as the mental health component (p = 0.004). HAT-QoL domains were significantly higher in General function (p = 0.0001), satisfaction with life (p = 0.0001), confidence in the professional (p = 0.001) and sexual function (p = 0.0001). About the limitations WHODAS 2.0, measured by improvement of disability has been identified, with significant change between the baseline (21.87 26.4 ±) and after a year of treatment (10.84 ± 15.47), (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The therapy with antiretroviral drugs has improved the functionality and HRQOL of patients infected with HIV and has reduced the level of disability, after a year of use. The HAT-QoL instruments and SF-36 are good tools to evaluate the HRQOL of patients HIV positive. The correct medication adherence, associated with the change in lifestyle, can improve the response to treatment.
Tipo: Dissertação2019-09-09T00:00:00Z