A conquista da primarização: uma experiência de luta sindical conjunta entre efetivos e terceirizados no cultivo de eucalipto

Abstract

The central problem investigated in this research was the relationship between the struggle of Sindiflora, a union of rural wage earners, and the reversal of part of the outsourcing in a company of cultivation of eucalyptus in the north coast of Bahia, Copener Florestal. Three explanatory hypotheses were raised, with no excluded restrictions, to investigate this partial reversal of outsourcing: (i) the union struggle, especially from a strike that preceded the primarization; (ii) the work of the Public Ministry of Labor and Labor Justice; (iii) possible motivations of the company itself. The most likely hypothesis, or one with the highest incidence, was considered the first. A bibliographic review, a documentary research, and a field research were articulated. The latter had as a data production technique semi-structured interviews with subjects considered strategic in this process, namely, ten union leaders. To support the investigation, this work addresses the centrality of outsourcing in the configuration of contemporary capitalism. It questions the intrinsic relationship between outsourcing and the social precariousness of work. In addition, it deals with the political dimension of outsourcing, as an instrument for the fragmentation of workers, in their solidarity and in their resistance, including union resistance. Demonstrates the manifestation of these characteristics of outsourcing in the case studied. It analyzes the resistance to such manifestations, especially the performance of Sindiflora. It also analyzes the relationship between the strike led by the union (as well as the more general action of Sindiflora) and the primarization process resulting from the strike activity. It was verified, considering the hypotheses outlined: (i) the confirmation of union action as the main factor for primarization; (ii) as well as determinants in the process, the work of the Public Ministry of Labor and Labor Justice; (iii) finally, the company's interests are also a factor that affected the way in which primarization took place, and its limits. It is concluded, centrally, that the characteristic of this union, of organizing effective and outsourced workers on the same basis, was fundamental for the centrality in its confrontation with outsourcing. And that this is, therefore, an important experience to reflect on possible ways of unionism in the fight against outsourcing.