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Sintomas gastrointestinais, perda ponderal e hospitalização por COVID-19: um estudo multicêntrico no nordeste brasileiro

Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Sintomas gastrointestinais, perda ponderal e hospitalização por COVID-19: um estudo multicêntrico no nordeste brasileiro Autor(es): Santos e Santos, Rogério dos Primeiro Orientador: Mello, Carolina Santos Abstract: Introduction: The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in people infected with SARS-CoV-2 wide variability, encompassing not only respiratory symptoms but also extrapulmonary symptoms. Signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal tract have been frequently reported in people infected with SARS-CoV-2, and may occur alone or in association with classic symptoms of the disease. Little is known about how gastrointestinal involvement relates to hospitalization for COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate the association between the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms, weight loss, and hospitalization for COVID-19 in people of different age groups in the Northeast region of Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, multicenter study with a non-probability sample composed of people of different age groups (children/adolescents and adults/elderly) with a laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19. Demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical data were collected, including the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms related to the viral infection and reports of unintentional weight loss in the last 6 months (independent variables). The need for hospitalization for COVID-19 (dependent variable) was also assessed. Data were analyzed using JAMOVI software, version 2.4. Results: The study population consisted of 205 children and adolescents and 1089 adults and elderly individuals. Gastrointestinal symptoms (1) occurred in 132 (64.4%) children and adolescents and in 589 (54.1%) adults and elderly individuals evaluated in the study, being similar in those hospitalized and not hospitalized (p0.05). In the univariate analysis, a higher frequency of vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss was observed in hospitalized children and adolescents (p<0.05). In the analysis adjusted for age, sex, and presence of comorbidities, it was found that loss of appetite/anorexia (OR=4.36; 95% CI: 1.71–11.11; p=0.002) and previous weight loss (OR=3.06; 95% CI: 1.37–6.80; p=0.006) were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 in this subgroup; and loss of smell was associated with a lower chance of hospitalization (OR=0.26; 95% CI: 0.07–0.91; p=0.035). In adults and the elderly, no association was found between gastrointestinal symptoms or previous weight loss and hospitalization for COVID-19. Conclusion: The frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms was high in people of different age groups infected with SARS-CoV-2. Loss of appetite/anorexia and previous weight loss increased the chances of hospitalization due to COVID-19 in children and adolescents. Editora / Evento / Instituição: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA Tipo: Dissertação

Percepções de representantes sociais e governamentais sobre ações relacionadas ao enfrentamento da insegurança alimentar na zona rural da Bahia

Fri, 26 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Percepções de representantes sociais e governamentais sobre ações relacionadas ao enfrentamento da insegurança alimentar na zona rural da Bahia Autor(es): Castro, Amanda Canário de Primeiro Orientador: Queiroz, Valterlinda Alves de Oliveira Abstract: Introduction: Food insecurity (FI) is characterized by limited access to regular and adequate food, resulting from insufficient income or other social, economic, and structural determinants that compromise the realization of the Human Right to Adequate Food (HRtAF), whose impacts vary between regions, urban and rural areas. The Northeast region recorded the second highest rate of severe FI, and in Bahia, an inverse pattern to the national one was observed: higher prevalence in urban areas (14.1%) than in rural areas (9.9%). Objective: To analyze public and civil society actions with the potential to impact the prevalence of FI, especially in its severe form, in the rural population of the state of Bahia. Methodology: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with public and civil society advisors from the Food and Nutrition Security Council (Consea) in the state of Bahia, and with key figures from organized social movements and/or public officials indicated due to their work related to food and nutrition security actions in rural areas. The organizational, development, and content analysis phases of the interviews were guided by Bardin's (1977) assumptions, as a way to systematize and analyze the data. Results: The analysis of the interviews resulted in two central categories, namely: "Between data and discourses: ambivalence of meanings about actions surrounding Food Security," which indicated that the lower food insecurity in rural Bahia is due to the continuity of rural development policies and support for family farming; and the second category, "Claiming, influencing, and cooperating: aspects relevant to civil society in strengthening Food Security actions in the rural area of the state of Bahia," which expressed the leading role of organized civil society, especially family farmers, in the construction, monitoring, and implementation of actions aimed at guaranteeing food and nutrition security. Conclusion: A reality of punctual advances and persistent challenges in addressing food insecurity in rural Bahia was evidenced, marked by resource limitations, fragility, and discontinuity of public policies. Conversely, the leading role of civil society, especially family farmers, in promoting food and nutrition security stands out, revealing that the paths to reducing food insecurity depend on the interaction between effective public policies and social mobilization, with a need to expand the continuity and reach of actions through participatory and territorially sensitive governance. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação

Cuidado em alimentação e nutrição de mulheres no âmbito de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial

Tue, 19 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Cuidado em alimentação e nutrição de mulheres no âmbito de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Autor(es): Souza, Álina Célia Silva de Primeiro Orientador: Soares, Micheli Dantas Abstract: This study aimed to understand how women assisted by a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS) relate to food, eating, and corporeality. This descriptive-exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, was conducted with eight women users of a CAPS in the city of Salvador (Bahia, Brazil), who participated in the therapeutic group "Para Elas." The main data production technique used was the episodic interview, complemented by participant observation and medical record analysis. Data analysis was guided by thematic analysis, based on the frameworks of Flick (2009), Jovchelovitch, and Bauer (2003). The narratives revealed complex interactions between food, eating, and corporeality within the context of psychological distress, showing that food and nutritional care are embedded in everyday practices shaped by social and health determinants. Food and commensality emerge as significant mediators of care, activating support networks, institutional bonds, strategies for coping with food insecurity, and forms of belonging. These women’s food experiences go beyond the biological dimension of nutrition, integrating bodily, affective, and social experiences that challenge traditional models of mental health care. By recognizing these connections, the study's findings call for broader perspectives on food and nutritional care within the field of psychosocial care. Editora / Evento / Instituição: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA Tipo: Dissertação

O pensar e o agir sobre a gestão do cuidado da obesidade em um curso de educação permanente para gestoras de saúde da Atenção Básica

Thu, 06 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: O pensar e o agir sobre a gestão do cuidado da obesidade em um curso de educação permanente para gestoras de saúde da Atenção Básica Autor(es): Rodrigues, Camila dos Santos Primeiro Orientador: Soares, Micheli Dantas Abstract: Obesity is a multifaceted phenomenon that requires specific and expanded care within the context of Primary Health Care. In this way, care management that incorporates this perspective into the planning of actions, considering the needs of its territory, is essential to qualify the care for people living with overweight and obesity. In this context, the present study was conducted as part of the project "Qualification of Care for People with Overweight and Obesity in the Basic Health Care of the Unified Health System in the State of Bahia: integrating research, extension, and training," funded by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. The course, an integral part of this larger project, was developed by the Center for Studies in Food and Culture at the Federal University of Bahia and targeted health managers in primary care. This retrospective, qualitative study analyzed the perceptions of primary health care managers regarding the care management of people with overweight and obesity within the context of a continuing health education course. The objective was to describe and analyze the planned actions for the care of these individuals, as presented by the participating managers, as well as to evaluate their perceptions of the training process and its implications for the qualification of care. The research included 19 managers, mostly Black women, aged between 28 and 55 years old, occupying roles such as primary health care coordinators, health surveillance, and programs like Health at School. The empirical material was composed of the participants' interactions in the Virtual Learning Environment, as well as individual activities carried out. Content analysis resulted in three thematic categories: a) The place of obesity in primary care – Thinking and acting; b) Challenges and potentialities in care management; and c) Training process and care management qualification. The results show that, for many managers, obesity is often treated as a subtheme of Healthy Eating, without a specific approach in action planning. Furthermore, some reported the lack of a dedicated care pathway for obesity in their municipalities. It was observed that actions aimed at obesity primarily take place in collective settings and within programs with specific funding. Another key point is the impact of the course in mobilizing managers to take action, reinforcing the importance of integrated and contextualized training approaches that consider the complex interactions between social, economic, political, and cultural factors. The managers also recognized their own limitations and potential in dealing with this phenomenon. It is concluded that intersectoral collaboration, interprofessionalism, and the continuous qualification of professionals and public policies are essential for improving the care and management of obesity in primary health care. Additionally, there was alignment between the professionals' reflections and the course's proposals, making it a strategic space for developing comprehensive care, as well as fostering reflections on health actions and the organization of networked care. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação