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Influência da manipulação do foco atencional sobre a atenção seletiva visual, tempo de reação e capacidade funcional de mulheres idosas praticantes do método Pilates

Tue, 15 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Influência da manipulação do foco atencional sobre a atenção seletiva visual, tempo de reação e capacidade funcional de mulheres idosas praticantes do método Pilates Autor(es): Gonçalves, Iury Steffenello Primeiro Orientador: Castro, Marcela Rodrigues de Abstract: Introduction: Cognitive changes resulting from aging, such as reduced visual selective attention (VSA) and increased reaction time (RT), can compromise the functional capacity of older adults. The Pilates Method (PM), characterized as a multicomponent physical exercise, combines motor and cognitive demands within a single session. In this context, manipulating attentional focus during practice may influence performance in cognitive and functional aspects, making it a relevant factor to explore in interventions with this population. Objective: To examine the influence of attentional focus manipulation during 24 weeks of PM training on VSA, RT, and functional capacity in older women. Methods: This is an experimental study involving 62 older women, randomly assigned to three intervention groups: IFG (internal focus), EFG (external focus), and MFG (mixed focus). The intervention protocol lasted 24 weeks. Specific assessments were conducted for VSA, RT (fast, slow, mean, and total components), and functional capacity. Statistical analyses were performed using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), with gamma distribution for asymmetric variables and normal distribution for symmetric variables. Additionally, effect size analyses (Cohen’s d) and association tests between engagement and focus type (chi-square and Cramer’s V) were applied. Results: No statistically significant group-by-time interactions were observed. However, a significant time effect was found for all assessed variables, with effect sizes ranging from small to moderate. The MFG group showed better performance in functional capacity, while the EFG group demonstrated significant improvement in VSA over time. Engagement analysis revealed higher adherence to the protocol in the MFG group (p < 0.001; V = 0.34). Conclusion: PM practice contributed to improvements in cognitive and motor functions in older women, regardless of the type of attentional focus adopted. However, specific advantages were observed for mixed focus in terms of program adherence and for external focus instructions in improving VSA. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação

Trajetória política de estudantes com deficiência na Universidade Federal da Bahia

Mon, 26 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Trajetória política de estudantes com deficiência na Universidade Federal da Bahia Autor(es): Santos, Estela Rozeno dos Primeiro Orientador: Pimentel, Adriana Miranda Abstract: People with disabilities have historically been excluded and neglected in terms of their rights, despite the security of the law. Although they have guaranteed access, the permanence of university students is crossed by a series of barriers that put them at a disadvantage compared to other groups. In order to overcome the adversities imposed on them, students with disabilities organize themselves collectively to demand their rights and improve the condition of the training process. This research aimed to understand the experience of social and political organization of students with disabilities at the Federal University of Bahia. The research was guided by a qualitative approach, using the narrative-biographical method, with a focus on life stories. Narrative interviews were conducted with five students with disabilities, enrolled in different undergraduate courses. The results show that students with disabilities at UFBA who are involved in socio-political organizations are better able to articulate themselves in order to claim their rights, and reduce the university barriers imposed on them, which leads to better permanence for the entire student body with disabilities. Although there have been advances in the permanence scenario, adjustments need to be made by the entire university community so that this public is truly included. The methodology centered on the life history and perceptions of the students enabled findings that contribute to the literature that is still scarce. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação

Telefonoaudiologia nos centros especializados de reabilitação (CER) perspectiva profissional em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19.

Fri, 26 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Telefonoaudiologia nos centros especializados de reabilitação (CER) perspectiva profissional em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19. Autor(es): Araújo, Wellington Nunes de Primeiro Orientador: Pimentel, Adriana Miranda Abstract: This study analyzed the potentialities and weaknesses in the work process in the insertion of teleaudiology in the RECs of the city of Salvador, Bahia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was based on a qualitative approach and was exploratory and descriptive in nature. The literature review stage considered productions on teleaudiology work processes, focusing on studies that elucidate the challenges, barriers and potential of services provided through ICT. In the field, semi-structured interviews were conducted in the four rehabilitation centers with the professionals who participated in the implementation of teleaudiology. The empirical material was stored in an Excel spreadsheet where it was possible to create a descriptive matrix of the transcripts and thus organize and systematize them into thematic categories. The content analysis method was used to analyze the data. Sixteen speech therapists took part in the study, which revealed technological and socio- economic barriers that weakened the work process when providing care to people with disabilities. Despite the challenges, the interviewees highlighted some potential, including greater family participation in the speech therapy process and significant adaptations in the therapeutic process, even in the face of the limitations imposed by the screens. In addition, it was found that speech therapy provided opportunities for contact with the health care and education networks of users assisted in these rehabilitation centers. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação

À espera do cuidado: caminhos na implantação da rede de cuidados à pessoa com deficiência no Espírito Santo.

Tue, 03 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Título: À espera do cuidado: caminhos na implantação da rede de cuidados à pessoa com deficiência no Espírito Santo. Autor(es): Mendonça, Leone da Silva Primeiro Orientador: Pimentel, Adriana Miranda Abstract: The implementation of the Care Network for People with Disabilities (RCPD) in 2012 is a milestone in the provision of comprehensive health care for this population, rescuing the principle of decentralization of care in rehabilitation to facilitate access to health care services. However, after ten years of its implementation, there are still ways to go to guarantee comprehensive care for the population with disabilities. This study aims to understand the implementation process of the RCPD in Espírito Santo and the repressed demand for access to a Specialized Rehabilitation Center (CER) in the State of Espírito Santo. The methodological design was carried out through a documentary analysis and analysis of the profile of users on the waiting list for a CER. The documents reveal that the RCPD of Espírito Santo follows national guidelines, encouraging the implementation of actions at each level of health care and qualification for new services. The state has its own initiative, territorial formative self-regulation, which demonstrates concern for the systematization of access through Primary Health Care. However, such proposals still proved to be unsatisfactory given the need to overcome historical inequities in assistance to this population within the scope of SUS. Regarding the waiting list, the population profile reveals a predominance of children in need of intellectual rehabilitation, especially with autism spectrum disorder (64%). The evidence highlights the relevance of studies on the RCPD's pent-up demand, with a view to organizing an offer consistent with needs, in addition to integrating the different points of care. Furthermore, even though there have been advances in the field of rehabilitation, barriers to access to healthcare are present in the daily lives of people with disabilities, in addition to an offer focused on specialized care and organized based on biomedical criteria. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação