https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/20010 Mon, 04 May 2026 18:23:35 GMT 2026-05-04T18:23:35Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44319 Título: Avaliação do efeito da administração intranasal de nicotina em modelo experimental da Doença de Parkinson induzido por 6-hidroxidopamina Autor(es): Pereira, Gabriele Souza Primeiro Orientador: da Silva, Victor Diogenes Amaral Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Although the L-DOPA administration is the primary available therapy, its prolonged use is associated with adverse effects, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. Epidemiological studies suggest that smoking may reduce the risk of PD, indicating a potential neuroprotective effect of nicotine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of intranasal nicotine treatment on neuroprotection in an experimental model of PD induced by 6-OHDA in rats. METHODOLOGY: Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to unilateral lesion with 6-OHDA in the striatum and divided into experimental groups treated with intranasal nicotine or control vehicle. Motor function was assessed by behavioral tests, and the dopaminergic neurons degeneration was investigated by counting TH+ positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta. RESULTS: Intranasal administration of nicotine 15 days after injury showed anxiolytic effects in the 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease model, but did not protected dopaminergic neurons. CONCLUSION: Considering that the literature describes that 15 days after induction of degeneration by 6-OHDA there is already degeneration in the substantia nigra, and that previous studies show the protective effect of nicotine in preventing dopaminergic damage, it is possible to conclude that nicotine does not exert a protective effect in advanced stages of dopaminergic degeneration, but an anxiolytic action, in the animal model. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação Fri, 15 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44319 2025-08-15T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44008 Título: Análise químico-farmacêutica e estudos de estabilidade de fumarato de tenofovir desoproxila e entricitabina Autor(es): Santos, Stéfanno Souza Primeiro Orientador: Cazedey, Edith Cristina Laignier Abstract: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), using Truvada®, involves the administration of a fixed-dose oral combination containing the drugs tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) 300 mg and emtricitabine (FTC) 200 mg. This antiretroviral medication, whose primary objective is to prevent the seroconversion of HIV in the body, was made available by the Brazilian Health System (SUS) in 2017. However, stability-indicating analytical methods (SIAM) that ensure the safe use of these combined drugs in a single pharmaceutical form remain scarce. Given their therapeutic importance, this study aimed to develop an SIAM for the simultaneous analysis of TDF and FTC in Active Pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and coated tablets. The drugs were subjected to forced degradation under acidic, basic, neutral, and oxidative conditions. The reverse-phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was developed using a diode-array detector (DAD). Chromatographic separation was performed on a Zorbax® C8 column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm), with a mobile phase composed of methanol and water in gradient mode, maintained at 25 °C, with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection at 258 nm for TDF and 280 nm for FTC. The degradation studies demonstrated that the drugs degraded in all conditions, although degradation products were only observed in acidic and neutral media. Additionally, the research showed that all validation parameters met the requirements of major regulators' guidelines, revealing a selective, linear, precise, accurate, sensitive, and robust method for simultaneously quantifying TDF and FTC. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação Wed, 23 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44008 2025-04-23T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43917 Título: Avaliação da lipoproteína de alta densidade em pacientes com doença renal crônica em terapia substitutiva: antes e após o trasnplante renal Autor(es): Damasceno, Elder Trindade Primeiro Orientador: Couto, Ricardo David Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide relevant public health problem, with early cardiovascular disease (CVD) as the most cause of death. Disorders in lipoprotein metabolism are associated with CVD increasing, which makes it imperative to advance in lipoprotein structure and functionality studies, especially for high-density lipoprotein (HDL), as it acts in the reverse cholesterol transport and has cardioprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, very important aspects in patients with CKD. This study aimed to evaluate HDL structural modifications in patients with CKD undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT), hemodialysis, before and after kidney transplantation. This study included 50 patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis before and after four months of kidney transplantation. Biochemical analyses were performed by reflectance, HDL particle size, and polydispersity by the light scattering method and the Apo-AI and Apo-B by turbidimetry. Significant increases were found among total cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and LDL-c concentrations after transplantation. For Apo-B and the ApoB/Apo A-I ratio, we observed a significant increase after transplantation only in men. C-reactive protein was significantly lower after transplantation. No significant differences were found in HDL particle size before and after kidney transplantation. However, when analyzing the HDL particles polydispersities, the dispersion was lower after transplantation. The study findings showed significant differences in lipid metabolism before and after kidney transplantation. To properly assess the findings and their possible influence as a condition that increases cardiovascular risk, it will be necessary to develop more in-depth HDL structure and functionality studies, mainly considering the type of study design to reach the appropriate goals intended to be evaluated. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da bahia Tipo: Dissertação Wed, 23 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43917 2022-11-23T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43810 Título: Soropositividade de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e anti-Trypanosoma cruzi em populações ribeirinhas do recôncavo baiano Autor(es): Rosa, Wellington da Silva Primeiro Orientador: Teixeira, Márcia Cristina Aquino Abstract: Chagas disease (CD) and toxoplasmosis are parasitic zoonoses with a major public health impact, particularly in regions with unfavorable socioeconomic conditions. Riverside populations may be more exposed to infectious agents due to environmental and sanitary factors, and limited access to health services. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis and CD in riverside populations of the Recôncavo Baiano region, Bahia, Brazil. A cross-sectional, descriptive, and qualitative study was conducted between April 2022 and August 2024, involving the population of the cities of Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu and Cachoeira, in the Recôncavo Baiano region. A questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic information, hygiene habits, and health status. Serological tests were also performed to detect IgM and IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and total antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi. For toxoplasmosis, in Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu, 74 individuals were screened, with a mean age of 33.84 (± 20.92). The majority were female, over 31 years of age, with a family income below one minimum wage, self-identified as Black, and family farmers. In Cachoeira, 163 individuals were screened, with a mean age of 21.45 (± 13.78), the majority being in the age range of 0 to 14 years, female, with an income below one minimum wage, students, and self-identified as Black. In Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu, 40 (54.1%) individuals were reactive for IgG anti-T. gondii, while one (1.4%) was reactive for IgM. In Cachoeira, 80 (49.1%) were reactive for IgG anti-T. gondii, while 6 (3.7%) were positive for IgM. Individuals aged 31 years or older (Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu) and 15 years or older (Cachoeira) were associated with a higher chance of presenting IgG anti-T. gondii. A total of 135 individuals from Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu and Cachoeira were included in the CD analyses. Among them, two individuals (1.5%) tested positive for total anti-T. cruzi antibodies. Most participants were female (62.2%), self-identified as Black or mixed race (78.5%), had a family income below one minimum wage (69.6%), and had low levels of education. Although riverside populations are present in several places around the world, data on them are scarce and fragmented. To date, there are few studies on communicable diseases, such as toxoplasmosis, in riverside communities. Our study contributes to the understanding of the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and CD, and associated risk factors in these populations. This data is important for developing public policies that reach these populations and connect with their way of life. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação Wed, 13 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43810 2025-08-13T00:00:00Z