https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/19028 Sat, 02 May 2026 07:16:56 GMT 2026-05-02T07:16:56Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42953 Título: Caracterização epidemiológica, clínica e patológica de uma doença que cursa com edema crônico em bovinos no estado da Bahia Autor(es): Caymmi, Laís Gouveia Primeiro Orientador: Amaral, Franklin Riet Correa Abstract: For almost 30 years, a disease of unknown etiology, characterized by severe chronic subcutaneous edema, has been affecting cattle in the North-Central and South-Central regions of Bahia State, Brazil. The disease is seasonal and occurs during prolonged dry periods in the summer, resulting in high mortality rates among cattle in the region. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological characteristics of this disease. Fifteen outbreaks of the disease that occurred between October 2023 and April 2025 in 12 municipalities in Bahia were studied. Clinical examinations were performed on 46 sick animals, from which blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical tests. Anatomopathological studies were performed on seven animals, and pastures were evaluated on all properties studied. Outbreaks occur between October and December, and cattle become ill after two to three months of access to native forest. The disease is characterized by chronic subcutaneous edema, especially in the head, dewlap, thorax, and forelimbs, as well as progressive weight loss, jugular vein distension, dyspnea, cardiac arrhythmia, and death. Laboratory tests indicated anemia and hypoproteinemia due to hypoglobulinemia in some animals, as well as significant elevations in the CK enzyme. The anatomopathological study observed hydropericardium, hydrothorax, ascites, and right ventricular dilation. Histological evaluation revealed marked hypertrophy of smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of the pulmonary arteries and arterioles, sometimes with an eccentric, irregular, and asymmetrical arrangement. It was concluded that the disease occurs as a consequence of right heart failure due to pulmonary arterial hypertension (chronic cor pulmonale), and epidemiological data and inspections of pastures where the affected animals were kept suggest that the cause is a toxic plant. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese Tue, 29 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42953 2025-07-29T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42591 Título: Bem-estar e saúde de animais silvestres vítimas de tráfico e posse ilegal no nordeste do Brasil Autor(es): Gomes, Débora Malta Primeiro Orientador: Portela, Ricardo Wagner Dias, Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the welfare of animals from integrated preventive inspections that took place in Bahia state from 2018 to 2019, adapting the Animal Welfare Expertise Protocol (PPBEA); the indicators used were direct observation of the animal, related to health and behavior, and indirect observation, analyzing the environment and enclosure of the rescued animals, in addition to isolating and characterizing fungi associated with rescued parrots using MALDI-TOF MS analysis, and characterizing the antifungal resistance of these isolates using the broth microdilution methodology. A total of 559 animals were evaluated, 333 birds, 215 reptiles and 11 mammals. 531 (94.99%) presented a very low or low degree of welfare, a classification that indicates a situation of mistreatment. 11 (1.97%) animals were in a regular situation, and only 17 (3.04%) were in a high level of welfare. It was possible to observe that the crime of mistreatment through negligence is the most common type; however, because it is less obvious, it is more difficult to identify. From 66 parrots analyzed, 58 fungal samples were isolated. 47 (81.03%) were from the genus Candida, 07 (12.01%) from the genus Trichosporon, 03 (5.17%) from the genus Kodamaea, and 01 from the genus Exophiala (1.72%). Of the Candida isolates, 03 (6.38%) were C. albicans, 09 (19.15%) C. guilliermondii, 23 (48.94%) C. famata, 04 (8.51%) C. parapsilosis, 02 (4.26%) C. orthopsilosis, and 05 (10.64%) C. tropicalis. There was one isolate identified as C. glabrata (2.13%). Resistance of the isolates was demonstrated mainly to fluconazole, but also to itraconazole. This study demonstrates, in addition to cases of mistreatment of wild animals, that fungi with pathogenic potential and resistant to antifungals can be spread by these animals. These findings may provide support for intensifying and improving measures to control and prevent diseases caused by illegally traded wild animals. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese Fri, 14 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42591 2025-02-14T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42476 Título: Biofilme de cepas autóctones de leptospira interrogans: investigação na infecção canina aguda e efeito disruptivo in vitro por antibióticos e ácido p-cumárico Autor(es): Dias, Carla Silva Primeiro Orientador: Valentim, Melissa Hanzen Pinna Abstract: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. Dogs are highly susceptible, often presenting renal impairment with clinical and epidemiological significance. Leptospira can form biofilms in the environment, in chronic hosts and in vitro, however, this feature has not been investigated in acute infections. Biofilm formation represents a One Health threat, as it is associated with therapeutic failures and the persistence of pathogenic bacteria in the human-animal-environment interface. This study aimed to investigate biofilms in the renal parenchyma of dogs naturally infected with acute leptospirosis. Anti-lipL32 immunohistochemistry and Alcian Bleu and periodic acid-Schiff staining were applied to identify Leptospira and detect components of the exopolysaccharide matrix. Additionally, four strains (C20, C29, C51 and C82), isolated from these dogs, were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility assays in both planktonic and biofilm (7 and 21 days) forms, using doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and p-coumaric acid (p-CA) at concentrations ranging from 0,02μg/mL to 1,600μg/mL. After antimicrobial exposure, the disruption of biofilm architecture was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. No histological staining of the extracellular matrix was detected; however, incipient biofilms, in the form of L. interrogans aggregates, were observed. Biofilm maturity negatively affected antimicrobial efficacy, with lower susceptibility observed in biofilms as early as 7 days compared to planktonic forms. In both growth conditions, p-CA exhibited lower MICs than the tested antibiotics. Despite variations in biofilm architecture after disruption, intact bacterial cells were present in all treatments. These findings highlight the need to investigate the role of bacterial aggregates in in vivo biofilm progression, the specific mechanisms of p-CA action in L. interrogans biofilms, and more effective therapeutic combinations than conventional treatments. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese Fri, 07 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42476 2025-02-07T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42030 Título: Efeito da progesterona e estrogênio nas características foliculares e lúteas em protocolos de sincronização e ressincronização com aitf em vacas bos taurus taurus / bos taurus indicus Autor(es): Huerta, Rosendo Cuicas, Primeiro Orientador: Portela, Ricardo Wagner Dias, Abstract: Fixed-time artificial insemination is a tool of reproductive biotechnology that improves the herd's genetics to obtain more productive animals. The objective of this work was to evaluate the associations between the occurrence of estrus after synchronization and ovulation protocols and follicular diameter at the time of fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) on ovarian responses and pregnancy rate after TAI in females Bos taurus taurus/ Bos taurus indicus. Thus, possible practical implications of using this information to improve TAI programs in lactating mixed-breed females were evaluated. In the first chapter, the associations between follicular diameter at the time of TAI and the occurrence of estrus between the end of the synchronization protocol and the moment of TAI were evaluated on the ovarian response and the conception rate after TAI. It was observed that the increase in follicular diameter at the time of TAI increases the conception rate after TAI and that the occurrence of estrus after the synchronization protocol is associated with better ovarian responses and a better conception rate after TAI. Therefore, strategies to improve the occurrence of estrus and follicular diameter at the time of TAI are essential for the success of ovulation synchronization programs for TAI of Bos taurus taurus/Bos taurus indicus females, and such criteria can be used in the selection of females to receive high genetic quality semen. The second chapter reports on four studies in which the associations between the use of progesterone and estrogen and their effect on luteal characteristics in resynchronization protocols using TAI were evaluated, as well as the determination of the pregnancy rate in Bos taurus taurus/Bos taurus indicus cows during the resynchronization protocol. The results indicate that it is possible to obtain higher conception rates after ovulation resynchronization in crossbred cattle but without estradiol or with low doses. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese Fri, 14 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42030 2025-02-14T00:00:00Z