DSpace Communidade:
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ufba/556
2024-03-28T15:19:46ZAnalisadores Virtuais e Controle Avançado para uma Planta Industrial de Polietileno Linear e Avaliação de seus Benefícios Econômicos
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/39146
Título: Analisadores Virtuais e Controle Avançado para uma Planta Industrial de Polietileno Linear e Avaliação de seus Benefícios Econômicos
Autor(es): Silva, Adilton Lopes da
Primeiro Orientador: Embiruçu, Marcelo
Abstract: This work presents the necessary structuring for the implementation of an advanced quality controller of the type Model Predictive Control (MPC) for an industrial plant producing linear polyethylene using “Sclairtech” technology. Through this control, the dispersions of the Melt Index (MI) and density quality variables will be minimized and the consumption of catalysts, co-catalysts, deactivators and adsorbent bed will be optimized. A conceptual project was developed where all the premises for the control strategy are explained. An economic analysis was then developed to validate the economic viability of implementing the control, in accordance with the best global practices. Furthermore, a new technique for defining the optimal architecture for an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed and presented. This technique was applied to develop two virtual analyzers based on ANN to predict the MI quality and density variables. Finally, using historical data, industrial tests and empirical operational knowledge about the process, models were developed to simulate the developed control system and controllers. In this context, a new model development methodology for MPC controllers is presented, which also explicitly uses the experience of process experts. The results show a very adequate performance from a technical point of view, and a very substantial and viable economic return, demonstrating the viability of the study and project developed.
Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Tipo: Dissertação2023-12-07T00:00:00ZAnálise dos fatores de competitividade da energia eólica: um estudo de caso no complexo eólico alto sertão na Bahia
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/39066
Título: Análise dos fatores de competitividade da energia eólica: um estudo de caso no complexo eólico alto sertão na Bahia
Autor(es): Marques, Rogério Santos
Primeiro Orientador: Freires, Francisco Gaudêncio Mendonça
Abstract: The growing demand for electricity in Brazil has significant economic implications for
the energy market. In this context, it is important to investigate alternative sources that
can meet this demand, as well as understanding the main factors that influence this
process. However, given the consolidation of fossil sources in economic and technical
terms, it is necessary to understand the competitiveness factors that can be considered
as potentialities or restrictions for the full development of wind energy. Therefore, the
general objective of this research was to analyze the competitiveness factors of wind
energy, using the Alto Sertão wind complex, located in the State of Bahia, as a case
study. To achieve this objective, the following specific objectives were established. The
innovative aspect was understanding the factors that influence the competitiveness of
renewable energy, in particular wind energy, in the Northeast region of Brazil, focusing
on the State of Bahia. And use a methodological approach that integrates data from
secondary sources and interviews to analyze the identified competitiveness factors.
The methodology used in this research was based on an exploratory documentary
approach, which predominantly used secondary sources of data, combined with
interviews. It sought regulated information from government bodies. To understand the
factors that influence the competitiveness of wind energy in the Northeast region,
particularly in the State of Bahia, a research approach was adopted that took into
account the nature of the problem, the objectives and the technical procedures
adopted. The research predominantly used secondary sources of data, combined with
interviews. The results found in this research, based on the joint analysis of the focal
points and competitiveness factors of wind energy using the Brazilian Industry
Competitiveness Study - ECIB model, indicate three factors that confer
competitiveness to the sector. Unlike other states in the Northeast, which have a
greater occurrence of winds on the coast, Bahia has its greatest wind potential
concentrated in the interior, east of the São Francisco River, from Serra do Espinhaço
to Juazeiro. This is due to the low cloudiness and the high atmospheric pressure
process that moves towards the Northeast, resulting in excellent quality winds for wind
generation, which makes the region competitive. Also highlighting in the Brazilian
Northeast, the average cost of generating electricity in wind farms is relatively low
compared to other parks in other countries, and in relation to the Alto Sertão Wind
Farm Complex – BA, it presents important aspects of economic, social and
competitiveness. environmental. Great capacity to generate jobs and boost the local
economy, in environmental aspects, minimizing impacts on local fauna and flora and
respecting environmental preservation standards. Another highlight was the indicator
of economic and financial competitiveness and sustainability, identified by Capital
Expenditure (CAPEX), which was very favorable, highlighting the competitiveness
factor, its excellent capacity to generate cash for investment, measured by CAPEX,
excellent generation potential, installed capacity, average wind speed and generation
cost
Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Tipo: Tese2023-12-19T00:00:00ZGestão ambiental com enfoque nas oportunidades de produção mais limpa no transporte e armazenamento de granéis sólidos no Porto de Aratu
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/38972
Título: Gestão ambiental com enfoque nas oportunidades de produção mais limpa no transporte e armazenamento de granéis sólidos no Porto de Aratu
Autor(es): Esteves, Évelyn dos Santos Jardim
Primeiro Orientador: Torres, Ednildo Andrade
Abstract: This work sought to identify opportunities to implement a Cleaner Production program in the solid bulk storage and loading area at the port terminal in Aratu, Bahia, which is approximately 50 km from the state capital, by evaluating P2 and P+L measures and their methodologies. The geographical location, terrain, and climate of the state of Bahia are favorable to the generation of solar energy. Initially, an exploratory study was carried out to assess the operational process and the possibilities for improvement in the area. It was found that the implementation of the Cleaner Production (P+L) rogram aims to reduce the consumption of natural resources, provide operational
gains, economic benefits, and greater competitiveness for the company, as well as improve its image in the market concerning environmental management and quality in the port sector. The main results related to the change in technology are speed and productivity in the operation, guaranteeing the safety and integrity of the employees involved in the storage and loading of solid bulk cargo. Added to the diagnosis carried
out at the port is energy efficiency, associated with adapting processes, changing electrical equipment, and applying new procedures. The potential for solar energy generation in the region has been identified, and the company is presenting a proposal for a distributed solar photovoltaic generation system (GDFV), with a payback of just over two years for the project. These, combined with good operating practices (BPO), aim to promote actions to minimize drinking water consumption at the port. The results indicate that the economic feasibility study of this project will enable savings of 12% in the use of drinking water, with an estimated return on investment of 4 years. Energy
recovery was also indicated, with the installation of capacitor banks connected to the electrical system. This work reveals that the implementation of the Cleaner Production program at the Aratu port terminal in Bahia not only promotes more efficient environmental management but also offers significant opportunities, including solar energy generation, potable water savings, and energy recovery. These actions not only improve the company's competitiveness but also strengthen its image in the market, while contributing to the preservation of the environment.
Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Tipo: Dissertação2023-12-20T00:00:00Zq-formalismo na dinâmica adaptativa por Extremum Seeking e na Termodinâmica de eletrólitos no contexto da digestão anaeróbia
https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/38971
Título: q-formalismo na dinâmica adaptativa por Extremum Seeking e na Termodinâmica de eletrólitos no contexto da digestão anaeróbia
Autor(es): Pessoa, Robson Wilson Silva
Primeiro Orientador: Esquerre, Karla Patrícia Oliveira
Abstract: Inspired by the mathematical works developed in Nonadditive Statistical Mechanics, with their functions, algebra and trigonometry, extensively applied to complex systems, are realized two proposals in this thesis which imply in consequences in the context of the non- linear dynamic system and in the thermodynamic of electrolytes, that orbit surround the anaerobic digestion in reactors. The first contribution talks about the proposition of an algorithm extremum seeking modified by a function from 𝑞-trigonometry of Borges with consequence in the increase of the speed in the search of the extreme and the minimum of the external disturbances. This result is analytically demonstrated by the presentation of the asymptotic stability according to Lyapunov. The second proposal, is in the context of the long-range interaction context typically presented by the behavior in electrolyte solutions and modelled by the potential of Debye-Hückel, which this potential is generalized by the 𝑞-exponential function, which allows, in a simple way, to represent the superficial tension properties and mean ionic activity coefficient, important to many applications in chemical, biological and environmental systems. In the investigation of thermodynamic hypothesis simplifying adopted in the ADM1 to the balance of the biomethane, it is verified that they are enough to represent the system of the study case, different from the behavior of the carbon dioxide, which is dependable from the chemical and electrolyte equilibrium reactions. In addition to that, it is confirmed the increase of velocity, the breadth of the domain and the reduce of the residual disturbance of the application of the generalized extremum seeking algorithm. Lastly, it is demonstrated how the potential of generalized Debye-Hückel is capable of estimate properties such as the superficial tension and the average of mean ionic activity coefficient to the wide ranges of ionic concentrations.
Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia
Tipo: Tese2023-11-30T00:00:00Z