https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/8560 2026-05-04T18:10:39Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44066 Título: Análise clínica, morfológica, topográfica e química de mineralizações pulpares Autor(es): Fernandes, Marcos Vinicius Cook Primeiro Orientador: Martins, Gabriela Botelho Abstract: Introduction: pulp mineralizations are structures formed by hard tissue, located within the pulp tissue, and derived from a tissue alteration process that predisposes to the deposition of calcium phosphate salts. The literature suggests that long-duration, low-intensity pathological stimuli are the main etiological factors of mineralizations in the pulp tissue. Objective: to analyze the clinical aspects, morphological, topographic, and chemical patterns of pulp mineralizations. Material and methods: the research used 44 pulp mineralizations from teeth requiring endodontic treatment in a Polish population. Clinical data from the patients were collected, and the pulp mineralizations were removed after access surgery to the pulp chamber. Computational microtomography was used for morphological and topographic evaluation of the structures, and Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze and characterize the chemical composition of the sample, in terms of mineral-to-matrix ratio and carbonate content. Results: Clinical data revealed that pulp mineralizations, in the studied sample, occurred more frequently in women, in the maxilla, on the left side of the face, and in molars, especially the first molars, consistent with the literature. The most affected age group comprised patients between 19 and 59 years old. The location in the pulp cavity correlated with the morphology of the mineralizations, but not with the topography. The most prevalent morphological aspect was irregular, while the predominant topography was mixed. There was no statistical difference in the mineral/matrix ratio between the morphological types; however, irregular nodules presented a higher carbonate content, with a statistically significant difference compared to the other morphological types. In terms of topography, smooth and compact nodules presented a higher mineral-to-matrix ratio, indicating a more mineralized structure, with a statistically significant difference compared to the other types; however, the carbonate content did not differ between the topographic types. Conclusion: in the studied sample, pulp mineralizations occurred predominantly in the first left upper molars of adult women. Irregular nodules were the most prevalent morphological types, especially in the pulp chamber, while cylindrical morphology was predominant in the root canal. Irregular mineralizations had a higher carbonate content, indicating a less developed mineralization process. Smooth and compact mineralizations were more mineralized than the other topographic types. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese 2025-12-16T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44004 Título: Replicação da associação do rs79882996 no gene RANK com periodontite e análise epidemiológica endodôntica, com suporte da inteligência artificial, em uma mesma população Autor(es): Oliveira, Francine Vilma Primeiro Orientador: Carletto, Tatiane de Oliveira Teixeira Muniz Abstract: Introduction: Periodontitis and apical periodontitis are multifactorial inflammatory diseases that result in bone resorption. In periodontitis, there is the destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth. Environmental, behavioral, and especially genetic factors can influence its susceptibility and progression. Among the genes studied, RANK has stood out for its role in regulating bone remodeling. In apical periodontitis, there is resorption of periapical bone tissue, associated with infection and treated through endodontic therapy. Due to its frequently asymptomatic nature, screening by radiographs is essential, together with the analysis of the epidemiological profile of the population. In this scenario, artificial intelligence stands out as a promising tool in aiding diagnosis. Objective: To investigate genetic factors associated with periodontitis and epidemiological factors related to apical periodontitis and endodontic treatments in the same population. Material and Methods: The study included 527 adult individuals living in the Recôncavo Baiano, Bahia State, Brazil. Genotyping of rs79882996 was performed on 323 blood samples, using the GoTaq® Probe qPCR Master Mix kit (Promega) and TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assays (Thermo Scientific™) probe, in a QuantStudio™ 12K Flex equipment (Applied Biosystems). Association analysis was conducted using the Plink 1.9 software, using multivariate logistic regression, with adjustment for age. Panoramic radiographs of all participants were analyzed to identify periapical lesions, endodontic treatment, or tooth absence, using the consensus of two experts and the AI software (DIO platform). A descriptive analysis of the population was performed and the diagnostic accuracy of the AI was evaluated using the parameters of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, Receiver Operating Characteristic curves, and area under the curve. Results: rs79882996, located in the RANK gene, showed a significant association with periodontitis. In the additive model, each additional T allele was associated with a 64% increase in the chance of occurrence of periodontitis, while in the dominant model the presence of at least one T allele was associated with a 69% increase in the chance of developing the disease. The prevalence of periapical lesions was 30.85% and of endodontic treatments, 16.13%. The presence of these lesions was associated with worse oral health conditions. On the other hand, endodontic treatment was significantly related to higher education, higher income, previous guidance on oral hygiene, and flossing. In the diagnosis of periapical lesions, the area under the curve was 0.661 (95% CI = 0.606 – 0715), indicating low diagnostic accuracy on the part of AI; The sensitivity was 31.4%, the specificity 90.1%, the positive predictive value was 58.54%, while the negative predictive value reached 74.69%. AI showed high agreement with specialists in the identification of teeth with endodontic treatment (85.8%) and moderate agreement in the detection of periapical lesions (58.7%). Conclusion: This study reinforced the role of the RANK gene in periodontitis and highlighted its potential as a target for future therapies. In addition, this study showed the vulnerability of a population with limited access to dental treatment. AI has shown potential in tracking population oral health, but it still requires improvement, especially in the identification of periapical lesions. Editora / Evento / Instituição: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA Tipo: Tese 2025-12-09T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43950 Título: Maus-tratos na infância e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em adolescentes escolares: efeito do treinamento cognitivo processual em grupo (TCP-G) Autor(es): Reis, Daniela Maria Ladeira Primeiro Orientador: Oliveira, Irismar Reis de Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Between 10 and 20% of children and adolescents have mental disorders, resulting in impaired socio-occupational functioning and integral health. Presence of abuse increases the risks of developing symptoms of anxiety and depression. OBJECTIVE: The first objective of this thesis was to analyze the effectiveness of trial-based cognitive training in group (TBCT-G) applied universally in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms in school adolescents. The second objective was to investigate the association between abuse and the occurrence of anxious and depressive symptoms. METHODS: At a military school located in Salvador, Bahia, 684 adolescents, divided in 28 classes, were evaluated for the presence of maltreatment, anxious symptoms, depressive symptoms, quality of life and risk behaviors. These classes were then randomized to either the TBCT-G group or the control group (without intervention). The active group lasted 18 weeks, in which adolescents were trained to develop cognitive and behavioral skills to reduce psychological symptoms. Twelve months after the end of the intervention, follow-up evaluation was performed. Primary measures were the revised Anxiety and Depression Scale for Children (RCADS) and the Child Trauma Inventory (QUESI). Secondary measures were the multidimensional student life satisfaction scale (MSLSS), socio-demographic inventories and questions about the practice or suffering of bullying, use of alcohol, cannabis and other drugs, and self-harm behaviors. RESULTS: After the intervention period, there was no statistically different reduction between groups in baseline RCADS data. The results also did not indicate improvement in MSLSS scores in any of the domains. In line with previous studies, data have shown that universal interventions have limitations for reducing internalizing symptoms in school adolescents. The thesis also identified that most of the maltreatment suffered is emotional abuse, physical abuse and emotional neglect. Having suffered such maltreatment was both associated with the presence of higher levels of anxious and depressive symptoms and increased probability of these symptoms occurring. CONCLUSION: The study showed that TBCT-G training was not effective in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms, probably because of its universal application and probably because of the time limitation in the training application. Also, childhood maltreatment is frequent and produces anxious and depressive symptoms, increasing the risk of developing mental disorders. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese 2019-12-18T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43937 Título: Alterações morfológicas em tomografias computadorizadas (TC) da coluna cervical em pacientes com doença falciforme: um estudo descritivo. Autor(es): Rios, Felype Figueiredo Primeiro Orientador: Freire, Songeli Menezes Abstract: The objective was to describe and characterize morphological changes observed in cervical spine computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with sickle cell disease treated at a tertiary care center in Bahia, Brazil. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at Professor Edgard Santos University Hospital. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of sickle cell disease, aged between 14 and 60 years, who underwent cervical spine CT scans between June 2024 and March 2025, were included. Morphological changes suggestive of sickle cell disease-related bone involvement, as well as degenerative alterations, were systematically assessed and recorded. A total of 27 patients were included. The mean age was 33.4 ± 13.4 years, and 59% were female. The most frequent sickle cell disease-related findings were H-shaped vertebrae (26%; 95% CI: 13.2%–44.7%), bone density alterations including heterogeneity and sclerosis (22%; 95% CI: 10.6%–40.8%), and loss of cervical lordosis (26%; 95% CI: 13.2%–44.7%). Degenerative changes were also prevalent, with cervical spondylosis identified in 33% (95% CI: 18.6%–51.0%) and intervertebral disc degeneration in 30% (95% CI: 16.2%–47.9%) of the patients. Additionally, 22% (95% CI: 10.6%–40.8%) had no pathological findings on CT. Cervical spine CT scans in patients with sickle cell disease frequently demonstrate both disease-related bone abnormalities and degenerative changes. These findings underscore the importance of systematic cervical spine evaluation in this population and highlight the need for further studies with larger samples and control groups. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação 2025-12-03T00:00:00Z