https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/19032 2026-05-03T03:58:12Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43456 Título: Utilização da torta de algodão na alimentação de caprinos mestiços boer em terminação Autor(es): Assis, Dallyson Yehudi Coura de Primeiro Orientador: Santos, Edson Moura Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the intake, apparent digestibility of nutrients, feeding behavior, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the carcass and meat, production of volatile fatty acids and rumen morphometry Boer crossbred goats fed cottonseed meai finishing. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of São Gonçalo dos Campos, belonging to the School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootecnia, December UFBA 2012 to February 2013, was used 32 crossbred goats Boer, with average body weight of 16 ± 2 kg distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments (0%, 33%, 66% and 100% replacement of soybean meai by cottonseed meai) and eight repetitions, with a duration of 84 days of experiment. The reason used was 50:50 roughage Tifton-85 hay and concentrate based on com meai, soybean meai, mineral salt, cottonseed meai and urea, thus providing proper nutrients to a gain of 0.150 kg / day. The amounts of offered feed and remnants were recorded daily in order to determine consumption. The animais were weighed at the beginning of the experiment and the end of the trial period for the productive performance. Chapter I - consumption, apparent digestibility, performance and feeding behavior of Boer crossbred goats fed cottonseed meai. In the evaluation of the nutrient intake ether extract showed a quadratic effect so that increased leveis of substitution of soybean meai by cottonseed meai (.122-, 131), so that the increased replacement leveis soybean meai by cottonseed meai, attributes the increase of this nutrient in the diet (2.32 to 3.68) while the cotton cake has 15.61% of ether extract, in apparent digestibility of nutrients and performance no effect, with CMS (0.778 kg) and ADG (0.100 kg / day). Ingestive behavior was no effect for feeding time (200-271 min / day), feed rate (13.91 to 18.88) and rumination efficiency (398-533 cakes), and increasing linear positive with increasing replacement for soybean meai cottonseed meai. Chapter II - Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of carcass and meat from crossbred goats boer fed cottonseed meai. The quality of the meat is not expressed in the substitution leveis except in ash content and cholesterol in mg / lOOg flesh evaluated, with an increasing and decreasing linear-linear relationship with increasing leveis of replacement for soybean meai cottonseed meai, respectively, the ash averaged 1.06 to 0.96% MS cholesterol and 50 - 70 mg / lOOg flesh attach the ether extract content of diets increased from 2.32 to 3.62, and confirmed with increasing intake of ether extract from animais to levei increased substitution. Chapter III - ruminal morphometry and production of volatile fatty acids in crossbred goats boer fed cottonseed meai. Total replacement of soybean meai by cottonseed meai in diets for crossbred Boer goats can be used in the termination of the animais without compromising the development and animal production Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese 2016-05-20T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43383 Título: Detoxificação mista do farelo de mamona e sua utilização na terminação de cordeiros Autor(es): Borja, Máikal Souza Primeiro Orientador: Oliveira, Ronaldo Lopes Abstract: Aimed to evaluate the match between levels of CaO and autoclaving times on the efficiency of detoxification process of castor meal and testing inclusion levels in lambs feeding. Detoxification capacity through interactions between the time of autoclaving and the amount of CaO was evaluated. It was used a 5x2 factorial design, five levels of calcium oxide (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 g / kg) and two times in autoclaving (15 and 30 minutes), with five replicates per treatment. The treatment with 10g of calcium oxide / kg of castor oil meal and autoclaving for 30 minutes promoted the disappearance of the bands that represent the subunits of ricin, being the most efficient method because less CaO was used in the process. Therefore, this method was used to detoxify the castor bean meal used for formulation of the experimental diets. 40 crossbred male sheep were used, with average weight of 25 ± 2,96kg, in a completely randomized design with four treatments and ten replicates. The diets consisted of 0, 10, 20 and 30% inclusion levels of castor meal on dry matter. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous, and forage:concentrate ratio was 50:50. The inclusion of castor meal in the diets of growing lambs until the level of 30% of the total diet did not affect the intake of dry matter and crude protein, averaging 1.194g and 191g respectively. However, promoted increases in intake of ether extract and neutral detergent fiber on 17% and 19% respectively. However, the consumption of non- fibrous carbohydrates linearly decreased, around 31.8%. There was a linear decrease in the digestibility of dry matter and carbohydrates both the fiber and the non-fiber fraction, with the inclusion of detoxified castor meal. However, CP and EE digestibility coefficients have not changed. The performance data of sheep fed diets containing castor meal indicated a decreasing linear trend for the variables final body weight gain in total weight and average daily gain. The levels of hepatic enzymes GGT, AST and ALT were not influenced by the inclusion of detoxified castor meal, just as the levels of albumin, cholesterol and triglycerides. Based on the evaluated results is possible to reduce the level of CaO to 10g / kg of castor meal and the autoclave time to 30 minutes using the mixed method of detoxification, and later include up to 30% of castor meal in diet of lambs. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese 2015-03-10T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42626 Título: Caracterização dos motivos de descarte e estimativas de parâmetros genéticos para longevidade de vacas da raça holandês Autor(es): Souza, Taiana Cortez de Primeiro Orientador: Pinto, Luís Fernando Batista Abstract: The longevity of dairy cows directly impacts profitability and animal welfare, making it essential to identify culling reasons and estimate related genetic parameters. Analyzing culling reasons can improve management and selection in dairy cattle breeding programs. This study evaluated 34 culling reasons in Holstein dairy herds. Data from 3,096,872 Holstein cows culled in 9,683 Canadian herds between 1996 and 2020 were analyzed. The main culling reasons were reproductive problems (23.02%), followed by milk production (20.82%) and health issues (20.39%). About 58% of the cows were culled after 47 months of age. Economic-related culling frequencies were lower than expected until 2014 and higher between 2015 and 2020. Reproductive problems were predominant in fall, winter, and spring, while health issues prevailed in summer. In Quebec, health was the main culling reason, whereas in Ontario, milk production was the primary factor. Reproductive problems and milk production were the leading causes of culling in most ecozones, except in the Boreal Shield and Atlantic Maritime regions, where health issues predominated (25.12% and 23.75%, respectively). Genetic parameters for eight longevity indicators associated with age, functionality, economic factors, conformation, health, reproduction, production, and unknown reasons were estimated using random regression models (RRM) with fifth-order Legendre polynomials. Heritability estimates ranged from low to high, depending on age and culling reason: age-related (0.17–0.38), functionality (0.04–0.52), economic (0.002–0.20), conformation (0.02–0.28), production (0.02–0.26), health (0.02–0.25), reproduction (0.02–0.24), and unknown reasons (0.02–0.22). Genetic correlations were positive for nearby ages and negative for distant ages. Genetic trends indicated gains at younger ages and losses at older ages. These findings highlight the importance of considering culling reasons in breeding programs, enabling more efficient selection of Holstein cows for increased longevity and productivity. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese 2024-12-20T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/41781 Título: Análise de imputação e efeito do cromossomo x na característica reprodutiva em bovinos da Nelore Autor(es): Hermisdorff, Ísis da Costa Primeiro Orientador: Costa, Raphael Bermal Abstract: Imputation accuracy among other things depends on the size of the reference panel, the marker's minor allele frequency (MAF), and the correct placement of variants on the reference genome assembly. Using high-density genotypes of 3938 Nellore cattle from Brazil, we investigated the accuracy of imputation from 50K to 777K SNP density, using map positions determined according to the bovine genome assemblies UMD3.1 and ARS-UCD1.2. We assessed the effect of reference and target panel sizes on the prephasing-based imputation quality using ten-fold cross-validation. Further, we compared the reliability of the model-based imputation quality score (Rsq) from Minimac3 to empirical imputation accuracy. The overall accuracy of imputation measured as the squared correlation between true and imputed allele dosages (R2dose) was virtually identical using either the UMD3.1 or ARS-UCD1.2 genome assembly. When the size of the reference panel increased from 250 to 2000, R2dose increased from 0.845 to 0.917, and the number of polymorphic markers in the imputed data set increased from 586,701 to 618,660. Advantages in both accuracy and marker density were also observed when larger target panels were imputed, likely resulting from more accurate haplotype inference. Imputation accuracy and the marker density in the imputed data increased from 0.903 to 0.913 and from 593,239 to 595,570 when haplotypes were inferred in 500 and 2900 target animals, respectively. The model-based imputation quality scores from Minimac3 (Rsq) were highly correlated to but systematically higher than empirically 23 estimated accuracies. The correlation between these metrics increased with the size of the reference panel and MAF of imputed variants. Accurate imputation of BovineHD BeadChip markers is possible in Nellore cattle using the new bovine reference genome assembly ARS-UCD1.2. The use of large reference and target panels improves the accuracy of the imputed genotypes and provides genotypes for more markers segregating at low frequency for downstream genomic analyses. The model-based imputation quality score from Minimac3 (Rsq) can be used to detect poorly imputed variants but its reliability depends on the size of the reference panel used and MAF of the imputed variants. Editora / Evento / Instituição: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA Tipo: Tese 2020-07-30T00:00:00Z