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O negacionismo enquanto política: o debate da cloroquina em uma comissão parlamentar

2022-08-26T14:03:22Z

Título: O negacionismo enquanto política: o debate da cloroquina em uma comissão parlamentar Autor(es): Penaforte, Thais Abstract: O objetivo deste trabalho foi esclarecer os movimentos e desdobramentos sobre a política terapêutica da cloroquina, no Parlamento brasileiro, a fim de identificar os fatores que a situaram no contexto da ação pública contra a COVID-19. Os artefatos etnográficos utilizados para essa análise incluíram as videoconferências das reuniões e audiências públicas e as notas taquigráficas disponíveis publicamente no site da Câmara dos Deputados. Como resultado, observou-se que o debate da cloroquina foi forjado entre as evidências científicas utilizadas a partir de uma perspectiva negacionista, que privilegiou a busca pela incerteza como forma de produzir dissenso e assim sustentar convicções pessoais e ideologias. Ao rejeitarem proposições empiricamente sustentadas e o próprio consenso científico, buscou-se criar uma falsa aparência de debate. O objetivo era criar o convencimento de que não há motivos suficientes para rejeitar o uso da cloroquina como terapêutica para a COVID-19. Desse modo, o êxito logrado pelo governo não ocorreu a partir da verificação de verdades, mas foi o resultado de uma acomodação contingencial que estabilizou esse fato não em meio a certezas, mas pelo medo da dúvida. Tipo: Artigo de Periódico

Antinociceptive Properties of Physalins from Physalis angulata

2022-08-26T14:03:05Z

Título: Antinociceptive Properties of Physalins from Physalis angulata Autor(es): Lima, Milena da Silva; Evangelista, Afrânio Ferreira; Santos, Gisele Graça Leite dos; Ribeiro, Ivone Maria; Tomassini, Therezinha Coelho Barbosa; Soares, Milena Botelho Pereira; Villarreal, Cristiane Flora Abstract: Pain is the most common reason a patient sees a physician. Nevertheless, the use of typical painkillers is not completely effective in controlling all pain syndromes; therefore further attempts have been made to develop improved analgesic drugs. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antinociceptive properties of physalins B (1), D (2), F (3), and G (4) isolated from Physalis angulata in inflammatory and centrally mediated pain tests in mice. Systemic pretreatment with 1–4 produced dose-related antinociceptive effects on the writhing and formalin tests, traditional screening tools for the assessment of analgesic drugs. On the other hand, only 3 inhibited inflammatory parameters such as hyperalgesia, edema, and local production of TNF-α following induction with complete Freund’s adjuvant. Treatment with 1, 3, and 4 produced an antinociceptive effect on the tail flick test, suggesting a centrally mediated antinociception. Reinforcing this idea, 2–4 enhanced the mice latency reaction time during the hot plate test. Mice treated with physalins did not demonstrate motor performance alterations. These results suggest that 1–4 present antinociceptive properties associated with central, but not anti-inflammatory, events and indicate a new pharmacological property of physalins. Tipo: Artigo de Periódico

Elevated manganese exposure and school-aged children's behavior: A gender-stratified analysis

2022-08-26T14:03:13Z

Título: Elevated manganese exposure and school-aged children's behavior: A gender-stratified analysis Autor(es): Menezes Filho, José Antônio; Vivas, Chrissie F. de Carvalho; Viana, Gustavo Freitas de Sousa; Ferreira, Junia R. Dutra; Nunes, Lorena S.; Mergler, Donna; Abreu, José Neander Silva Abstract: High levels of waterborne manganese have been associated with problematic behavior in school-aged children, however to date this has not been reported for children exposed to airborne manganese. The objective of the present study was to examine behavioral traits among children with exposure to airborne manganese from a ferro-manganese alloy plant, located in the metropolitan region of Salvador, Brazil. The study included 34 boys and 36 girls, aged 7–12 years, living in two communities within a 3-km radius from the plant. For each child, hair manganese levels (MnH) and blood lead (PbB) levels were analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The Children's Behavior Check List (CBCL) (Portuguese version validated in Brazil) was administered to parents or caregivers, providing scale scores of internalizing (withdrawn, somatic complaints, and anxious/depressed scales), externalizing (disruptive and aggressive) behaviors and a separate scale for attention problems. Median and range for MnH and PbB were 11.48 μg/g (range: 0.52–55.74); 1.1 μg/dL (range: 0.5–6.1), respectively. Spearman correlation analyses showed that several behavioral indices were significantly correlated with MnH levels for girls, but not for boys: total externalizing behavior (rho = 0.484 vs rho = 0.041) and attention problem scores (rho = 0.542 vs rho = 0.003) coefficients were significantly at p < 0.001 level, respectively for girls and boys. No significant correlation was observed with any of the internalizing sub-scales. A linear regression model was fitted with the total externalizing behavior, inattention and total CBCL scores as dependent variables, with log transformed MnH stratified by sex, adjusting for age and maternal IQ. Total externalizing behaviors and attention problem scores were significantly associated with girls’ MnH levels but not with boys’. Adjusting for maternal IQ, the β-coefficients for LogMnH associations with total externalizing and attention problems are 8.85 (95%CI 2.44–15.24) and 4.03 (95%CI 1.50–6.56) for girls. For boys, after adjusting for age, the β-coefficients are 0.08 (95%CI 11.51–11.66) and −0.05 (95%CI 4.34–4.25), respectively. The findings of this study suggest a positive association between elevated Mn exposure and externalizing behavioral problems and inattention, with girls presenting more pronounced effects. Future studies on Mn exposure in children should attempt to further elucidate sex and/or gender differences in Mn exposed populations. Tipo: Artigo de Periódico

Incorporação de urucum como aditivo antioxidante em embalagens biodegradáveis a base de quitosana

2025-12-15T13:59:58Z

Título: Incorporação de urucum como aditivo antioxidante em embalagens biodegradáveis a base de quitosana Autor(es): Santana, Maria Cecília Castelo Branco de; Machado, Bruna Aparecida Souza; Silva, Tamara do Nascimento da; Nunes, Itaciara Larroza; Druzian, Janice Izabel Abstract: The objective was to develop and characterize a biodegradable packaging using chitosan as polymeric matrix, plasticized with glycerol, as well as evaluate the effect of adding a natural antioxidant additives (annatto) in antioxidant protection in packaging. The cans were prepared by casting containing 1.5% of chitosan, 0.15% glycerol and 0.25 to 1.0% of coloring. Palm oil packed with the fi lms containing the additive was monitored at 0, 7, 15, 30 and 45 days of storage under accelerated oxidation conditions (63% UR/30ºC). Palm oil packed in the fi lm that contained the highest percentage of annatto (1.0%) was the least oxidized during the study period. It was found that, as they increase the losses of phenolic compounds in the formulations of the fi lms, there is a reduction in the peroxide increases the packaged product, thus demonstrating that instead of the product, the compounds of the package’s who are suffering oxidation. Tipo: Artigo de Periódico