https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/1020 2026-05-02T23:44:19Z 2026-05-02T23:44:19Z Protázio, Airan dos Santos https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44110 2026-02-26T14:44:29Z 2025-09-24T00:00:00Z

Título: Padrões morfológicos em famílias de anuros do bioma Caatinga: influência filogenética e ecológica Autor(es): Protázio, Airan dos Santos Primeiro Orientador: Napoli, Marcelo Felgueiras Abstract: Anurans exhibit a great morphological diversity, which is associated with different aspects of their lifestyle and locomotion. Previous studies indicate that the morphology of these organisms may reflect both adaptations to the environment, such as more rounded bodies and shorter limbs in regions of water stress, and more elongated forms with longer limbs in humid áreas, as well as evolutionary history, since phylogenetically closely related species tend to exhibit similar morphological traits. However, these patterns have not yet been systematically analyzed in the Caatinga biome. This study aims to investigate the relationship between anuran morphology and environmental factors in the Caatinga, assessing whether species’ body size and shape are influenced by ecology and the evolutionary history of the group. For this purpose, morphological data from 928 specimens belonging to 81 species, 29 genera, and 10 families of anurans inhabiting the biome were used in two complementary approaches: one at the intertaxonomic level, focusing on patterns of shape and size among families and genera, and the other exploring ecogeographic variation at the intraspecific level, considering species with broad distributions within the biome. The results reveal that, on a macroevolutionary scale, the morphological variation in Caatinga anurans is shaped by climatic and ecological factors, showing little divergence among closely related lineages, greater diversification in more speciose lineages, and convergence among distantly related lineages. Thermal seasonality and rainfall regimes influence body shape and size, favoring larger species in environments with greater thermal variation. On an intraspecific scale, there is a pattern of morphological variation among ecoregional populations, with body shape being the main axis of differentiation. The variations mainly involve cephalic and limb structures. These results reflect the ecological heterogeneity of the Caatinga and highlight morphology as a relevant attribute for understanding the evolutionary relationships of the group in the biome. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese

2025-09-24T00:00:00Z Perdigão, Thiago Ferreira https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43210 2025-10-13T17:16:09Z 2025-07-25T00:00:00Z

Título: Taxonomia das populações aliadas à Adenomera thomei (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae) ao longo da Floresta Atlântica Autor(es): Perdigão, Thiago Ferreira Primeiro Orientador: Napoli, Marcelo Felgueiras Abstract: The genus Adenomera was described by Steindachner in 1867 based on specimens from the Tijuca Massif, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with Adenomera marmorata Steindachner, 1867 designated as the type species. The brief and general diagnosis provided by the author at the time for A. marmorata was insufficient to enable the clear differentiation of closely related populations, which led to incorrect or imprecise identifications of individuals from other populations of the genus in the following years. Over the past five decades, various studies have accumulated a set of phenotypic and genetic characteristics that has helped to elucidate part of the previously unrecognized taxonomic diversity within the genus Adenomera. Currently, the genus is considered monophyletic and comprises 32 valid nominal species, grouped into seven well-supported groups and one well-supported lineage (PP > 0.95), each predominantly associated with a South American biome: lineage Adenomera sp. I, and the groups of A. andreae, A. heyeri, A. hylaedactyla, A. lutzi, A. marmorata, A. martinezi, and A. thomei. In northeastern Brazil, the genus is represented by three groups: ((A. hylaedactyla, A. martinezi), A. thomei). The Adenomera species occurring in the northern Atlantic Forest are poorly known and underrepresented in recent phylogenetic studies. Nevertheless, the thomei group appears to be the most representative, with its eponymous species, A. thomei (Almeida & Angulo, 2006), occurring from northern Espírito Santo state to, possibly, Rio Grande do Norte state. Along this latitudinal gradient, local populations exhibit acoustic variations that suggest the existence of more than one species currently referred to as A. thomei. In the present study, we investigated whether cryptic and previously undescribed species are hidden among the populations treated as A. thomei throughout the Atlantic Forest. We employed an integrative approach encompassing external morphology, linear morphometrics, external surface coloration, advertisement call acoustics, and molecular genetics. Our analyses support the existence of two species currently classified under the name Adenomera thomei, including a previously undescribed species located on the northern coast of the state of Bahia. Adenomera thomei has a distribution restricted to southeastern Brazil. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação

2025-07-25T00:00:00Z Pestana, Edilene Maria dos Santos https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42554 2025-07-21T02:24:10Z 2024-11-29T00:00:00Z

Título: Estudos filogenômicos e morfológicos integrados em Gigartinales: resolvendo o clado mais desafiador em Rhodophyta Autor(es): Pestana, Edilene Maria dos Santos Primeiro Orientador: Nunes, José Marcos de Castro Abstract: Gigartinales is one of the most species-rich orders within Rhodophyta, with significant ecological and economic importance. Ecologically, it contributes to habitat formation, serves as a food source for marine organisms, and participates in ocean biogeochemical cycles. Economically, it provides bioactive compounds used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Currently, 951 species distributed across 36 families are recognized. However, the morphological traits used to delimit taxa exhibit broad variation and are not exclusive to this clade, suggesting that the current circumscription of Gigartinales does not adequately reflect its evolutionary history. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships among lineages show low support, especially in ancestral branches. Based on this complex taxonomic history, this study aimed to circumscribe Gigartinales using morphological and molecular evidence, proposing a taxonomic framework that reflects its evolution. A total of 57 species of Gigartinales and Peyssonneliales were sequenced, using specimens from historical collections and fresh samples preserved in silica gel. This yielded 37 complete mitochondrial genomes and 40 complete plastid genomes, providing 28 mitochondrial and 215 plastid genes used for phylogenetic construction. Additionally, 248 nuclear LSU gene (28S) sequences were obtained from GenBank, with three new LSU sequences generated in this study. Maximum likelihood analyses were conducted via the CIPRES Science Gateway, while alignments for synteny analyses were performed in Mauve, with gene gain and loss inferred using Dollo parsimony in COUNT. Five traits were selected for evolutionary analyses: habit, thallus form, growth type, procarp formation, and type of tetrasporangial division. Occurrence data for Gigartinales, sourced from GBIF and Algaebase, were used for biogeographic analyses, with the correlation between these databases tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The results revealed that Gigartinales, with 100% support in organellar phylogenies, includes all sampled species of Peyssonneliales, representing the major genera of the family Peyssonneliaceae. Organellar phylogenies indicated inconsistencies in the placement of Gigartinaceae, Phylophoraceae, and Phacelocarpaceae, while the topology of the nuclear tree was congruent with the plastidial tree. These genomic phylogenies provided a robust framework for interpreting molecular events such as gene losses, gains, translocations, and inversions, as well as the evolution of morphological traits. Biogeographic analysis identified species richness hotspots along the Pacific coast of the United States, southern Australia, and Europe. Pearson’s correlation test revealed a significant positive relationship between GBIF and Algaebase data. Phylogenetic diversity metrics indicated distinct phylogenetic structures in Gigartinales communities despite similar species richness. These findings underscore the need for broader genetic sampling and well-resolved phylogenies to investigate relationships among red algal lineages. Furthermore, additional studies on macroalgal collections and digital metadata are essential to clarify ecological contributions and sampling biases in phylogenetic diversity patterns. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese

2024-11-29T00:00:00Z Farias Júnior, José Amilcar Silva https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/42438 2025-07-07T00:17:16Z 2024-06-28T00:00:00Z

Título: Sistemática de Artotrogidae Brady, 1880 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) Autor(es): Farias Júnior, José Amilcar Silva Primeiro Orientador: Tavares da Silva, Rodrigo Johnsson Abstract: Copepods are little crustaceans with an immense abundance and diversity, that colonized successfully the most of the aquatic habitats, and stablished as an essential part of the food chain. About half of the known species live associated with almost all metazoans phyla. Those of the order Siphonostomatoida exhibit a mouth structure specialized on drawn food from its hots's body. Artotrogidae, specially, had its classification extensively discussed on the last century. Although, but a significant part of its genera was described more than a century ago, with gaps, and most of it was not reanalyzed with most recent taxonomical tools or were object of a phylogenetic analysis. Thus, this work aims to conduct the taxonomic study of Artotrogidae, and perform a phylogenetic analysis to stablish phylogenetic relationship hypothesis and a better understanding of potential evolutionary trends. As results, on chapter 1 we describe a new Artotrogid genus that differs from others mostly for its unique first leg morphology. On chapter 2, we described a new species of Bradypontius, redescribed Artotrogus sarsi Kim I.H., 1996 e Dyspontius striatus Thorell, 1859, revised the diagnosis of 11 family genera, and discussed the distribution and the association of those animals with a wide range of marine invertebrates. And on chapter 3, we proposed a phylogenetic relationship hypothesis based on 103 morphological characters where we present the subdivision of the family on two new subfamilies, Subfamily nov. 1 and Subfamily nov. 2; the genus Discopontius is stablished as belonging to the family Artotrogidae, and the major evolutionary trends observed on the body shape and on appendages morphology are presented and discussed. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese

2024-06-28T00:00:00Z