Redistribuição e reconhecimento em Nancy Fraser: um desafio democrático

Abstract

This work aims to examine Nancy Fraser's perspectivist dualism and her adherence to the policy of redistribution (economic dimension) linked to the policy of recognition (cultural dimension). With this theoretical framework, the thinker defends the two-dimensional conception of justice, which can be evaluated as a democratic challenge in contemporary critical theory in adapting the explanations of capitalist society to the demands of contemporary social movements, breaking with the monolithic approaches of previous social theories, focused on redistribution or recognition. Fraser's proposal to reconstruct injustice correction processes involves analyzing the problem of the false antithesis between redistribution and recognition, recognition as status, the norm of participatory parity and the non-reformist reform strategy. In this way, Fraser's perspectivist dualism departs, on the one hand, from the Habermasian paradigm of the theory of communicative action and, on the other, from Honneth's theory of recognition. Fraser is committed to reflecting on the normative dynamics of social, political, material, objective and intersubjective relations, connecting critical theory with the social struggles of his time, using the feminist struggle and feminist critical theory as an empirical reference. Added to the work are the controversies of Axel Honneth and Iris Young to Fraser's perspectivist dualism and Rainer Forst's critique of the norm of participatory parity. And, finally, we reflect on the unfolding debate on redistribution and recognition and Fraser's two-dimensional normative framework, considering his most recent expanded vision of capitalism.