O ensino de solos na educação básica a partir do olhar do estudante e do professor

Abstract

Soil is an important component of geographic space, associated with forms of human occupation and environmental quality. However, it is often ignored in the teaching/learning process of Education, either because of the teacher's lack of knowledge or because of the students' low prior knowledge, or because of the absence or deficiency of this content in the didactic materials and school planning. Thus, we sought to obtain the perception of students and teachers about the “soil”, in the search for a better understanding of how this subject is taught at school. Therefore, the general objective of this research was to understand the teaching-learning process of soils in Basic Education in the context of public education, according to the perception of the student and the teacher. The methodological course involved studying the perception, about the soils, of teachers and students of the School Units of the municipality of Ubaíra-BA - Colégio Municipal Aurino Fausto dos Santos (Country School) and Colégio Municipal Natur de Assis Filho (School in the urban area), with application of interviews, field observations and literature study. The methodological steps consisted of: bibliographic survey; field observations; obtaining perception data; organization and processing of results. With the analysis of the drawings and the questionnaires it was possible to understand that the students of the rural school perceive soils as a component of the Geographical Space. Urban school students, on the other hand, perceive soils mostly as a component of the natural environment, seeing them in a more conceptual way, much more associated with natural aspects. It was concluded that: first, it is understood that students from different spaces perceive soils according to their experience. Second, the teaching of soils, in Geography, must be associated, not only with the processes of formation of this natural component, but , also linked to the use and occupation of the land and, mainly, to the dynamics of the Geographical Space. Finally, the academic background of the Geography teacher influences the way this content is taught.